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Estimated Time of Completion |
2 hours |
| Description / Overview |
In homeothermic species, a thermoregulatory system coordinates defenses against cold and heat to maintain internal body temperature within a narrow range, thus optimizing normal physiologic and metabolic function. The combination of anesthetic-induced thermoregulatory impairment and exposure to a cool environment makes most unwarmed surgical patients hypothermic (1-7). Although shivering is but one consequence of perioperative hypothermia, and rarely the most serious. It occurs frequently (i.e., 40%-60% after volatile anesthetics) (8,9) and it remains poorly understood. While cold-induced thermoregulatory shivering remains an obvious etiology, the phenomenon has also been attributed to numerous other causes. |
Objectives |
At the conclusion of this activity, the participant will be able to:
- Discuss the etiology of normal and postoperative shivering-like tremor.
- Describe pharmacological modulation of shivering by biogenic amines, cholinomimetics, peptides, NMDA receptors and analeptic agents.
- Discuss the special anti-shivering efficacy of meperidine.
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Target Audience |
This activity is intended for anesthesiologists and other physicians and nurses caring for perioperative and critical-care patients. |
Accreditation |
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Center for Continuing Education is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Center for Continuing Education designates this educational activity for a maximum of 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
This activity may be submitted for American Osteopathic Association Continuing Medical Education credit in Category 2. |
Activity Director |
Daniel I. Sessler, MD
Chairman, Department of Outcomes Research
The
Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Cleveland, Ohio |
Author / Faculty |
Daniel I. Sessler, MD; Jan L. DeWitte, MD
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Faculty Disclosure |
In accordance with the Standards for Commercial Support issued by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Center for Continuing Education requires resolution of all faculty conflicts of interest to ensure CME activities are free of commercial bias.
The following faculty has indicated he has no relationship which, in the context of his presentation, could be perceived as a potential conflict of interest:
Jan L. DeWitte, MD
The following faculty has indicated that he may have relationships, which in the context of his presentation(s), could be perceived as a potential conflict of interest:
| Daniel I. Sessler, MD |
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Consulting |
Cardinal Health; MGI; Johnson and Johnson |
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This CME activity was produced by The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Center for Continuing Education and the Outcomes Research Consortium.
Contact Information | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer
Copyright © 2008 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. All Rights Reserved.
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