Table 5:
Guidelines for Dukes' and TNM Staging Systems, and 5-year Survival
Dukes'
Stage
 TNM

5-Year Survival (%)
A

I

 T1 or T2 NO MO

90
B

II

 T3 or T4

NO

MO

 75
C

III

 Any T N1-N2 MO 35-60
D IV Any T Any N M1 < 10

Primary tumor (T)
T       Carcinoma in situ
T1         Tumor invades submucosa
T2         Tumor invades muscularis propria 
T3         Tumor invades muscularis propria into the subserosa, or into              nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues
T4         Tumor directly invades other organs or structures, and/or perforates              visceral peritoneum

Regional nodes (N)
NO        Negative nodes
N1         1-3 positive nodes
N2         > 3 positive nodes

Metastases (M)
MO        No distant metastases
M1         Distant metastases

Table modified from AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 5th edition. Lippincott-Raven 1998. Philadelphia, PA.

Copyright 2002 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Return to Colorectal Neoplasia Chapter